American Plains Bison, often simply referred to as bison or buffalo, are a quintessential symbol of the North American prairies, embodying the vast, untamed landscapes that once stretched across the continent. These majestic mammals are the largest terrestrial animals in North America, with males weighing up to 2,000 pounds and standing around six feet tall at the shoulder. Historically, bison herds numbered in the millions, but they faced near-extinction in the late 19th century due to overhunting and habitat loss, reducing their population to a mere few hundred. Today, thanks to dedicated conservation efforts and protected areas, bison numbers have rebounded, though they still face challenges from habitat fragmentation and genetic diversity concerns.

In 2015, the Crane Trust acquired a genetically important bison herd. Now, approximately 165 bison roam on 1,200 acres of Crane Trust property, reclaiming a keystone role in the prairie ecosystem that has been missing for 150 years. Bison are integral to the health of grassland ecosystems, playing a crucial role in maintaining the biodiversity of the prairies. Their grazing patterns help manage vegetation and promote the growth of a variety of plant species, which in turn supports numerous other wildlife. Bison also create a mosaic of habitat features through their wallowing behavior, which creates shallow depressions in the soil that can become vital water sources for other animals. Their presence helps sustain a dynamic and balanced ecosystem, highlighting the importance of their conservation. Programs that reintroduce bison to their historical ranges not only help preserve these iconic animals but also restore the ecological processes they support, making them a key species in the restoration of North American prairies.